Exactly what is Explosive Welding Plates?

Clad Steel Plate, which is, the metal composite plate created by the explosive welding method (explosion welding method), explosive welding plate generally means the explosion of the metal composite plate. An explosive welding composite plate is a kind of composite material plate manufactured by using explosive forming technology, and its manufacturing process involves multiple steps such as explosive forming, metal composite, and surface treatment.

Metal explosive welding technology is really a composite material processing technology that utilizes the huge energy generated by the instantaneous generation of explosives to instantly composite two or more types of similar or dissimilar materials together, which technology can weld alloys with various properties, particularly those that are not dissolved, into one piece.

In comparison with the direct rolling composite method:

(1) loading speed, which is, the loading process is instantaneous ;

(2) Applied to the workpiece high-pressure pulse load, loading stress is a lot higher than the yield strength of the metal material;

(3) The bonding area shows wave-like metallurgical bonding characteristics;

Explosive welding composite plate history
Explosive composite discovery is the earliest in 1944, the American L.R. Karl (Carl) inside a dynamite explosion test, accidentally found two bits of 1-inch diameter, thickness of .035 inches of thin brass discs, due to the sudden impact of the explosion and was welded together. Actually, in World War II, individuals the repair of wounded tanks, but also often found that tilted impact to the tank on the shrapnel is going to be firmly welded to the tank armor phenomenon, just during the war people have virtually no time to analyze it.

In 1947, the Siberian branch of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, the famous scientists M.A. Lavrentsev in the study of polymer bombs to penetrate the armor also found this phenomenon, in his dissertation formally known as “explosive welding”.

In the field of welding, the welding of various materials, such as steel and aluminum, steel and copper, is technically very hard. And large welding depth of welding can also be very hard, if you wish to use conventional welding, shielding welding and other welding methods is going to be two 40mm thick wide plate welded into a 80mm thick wide plate, it really is estimated that no one will do. However, the explosive welding is ideal to solve the 2 problems at the same time.

Explosive welding composite plate principle production method
Explosive welding is really a composite plate manufacturing method that mixes one or even more materials into a single piece using explosives as the energy source. Following the explosion of explosives, the blast products form a high-pressure pulse load, directly acting on the compound plate, promoting the top-speed movement of the compound plate, within the collision reason for the compound plate and the substrate tilt collision, accompanied by violent plastic deformation and the formation of the jet, the jet takes away the surface of the contamination layer, so that the welded metal flat plate with a clean surface in contact with each other at high temperatures and high pressures, the 2 kinds of plate will realize the strong metallurgical bonding.

Explosive welding composite plate-specific production methods:

1. Explosion molding
Explosion molding is the first step within the manufacture of explosive welding composite plates. Within the explosion forming process, explosives in certain conditions instantly detonated, the resulting high-pressure gas is going to be pushed to the opposite side of the metal plate mold, so that the metal plate in an instant to get the desired size and shape. This forming method is described as high precision and high efficiency.

2. Metal composite
Within the explosion molding, the necessity for metal composite. This step is usually utilized in explosion welding or explosion crimping and other methods, two or more metal plates through the explosion energy combined together to create a composite material. Throughout the metal composite process, a metallurgical reaction occurs between different metals, forming a powerful metallurgical bond.

3.Surface treatment
Surface treatment is usually needed to enhance the surface quality and corrosion resistance of the explosive welding plate. Widely used surface treatment options include spraying, plating, chemical plating and so forth. These methods can increase the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and aesthetics of the composite plate.

Explosive welding composite plate production process, although simple, flexible production, however the technical requirements are high, difficult to accurately control, the parent material properties (toughness, impact properties, etc.), explosives properties (bursting speed stability, safety, etc.), the initial parameters (the amount of explosives per unit area, the base compound plate spacing, etc.) and the dynamic parameters (collision angle, the compound plate collision speed, etc.) of the choice and system coordination of the composite plate of the finished product yield and quality features a direct impact.

The composite interface includes direct bonding area, melting layer and vortex. Atomic diffusion exists in the bonding interface, and severe plastic deformation with work hardening occurs in the bonding zone. The bonding surface features a wavy structure, that is helpful to the improvement of bonding strength and tensile strength.

Explosive welding plate performance
Explosive welding explosive welding plate will not alter the chemical composition and physical state of the original material, based on the actual needs of the composite material to become individually processed in to the required optimal state.

Explosive welding plate application performance is superb, can withstand cold, hot processing without changing the thickness of the mixture of materials than the mixture of composite materials is very high strength, usually higher than the low side of the mixture of materials, that is unattainable by other technologies. The composite material will not delaminate or crack during subsequent heat treatment, leveling, cutting, rolling, spinning and other production.

For room temperature and 550 ? heat treatment of carbon steel surface layer (near the interface layer) has serious deformation caused by fibrous tissue and many fine particles, the heart of the organization of ferrite plus pearlite; stainless steel interface for your second phase of point-like organization, the heart of the needle-like organization. But by 650 ? treatment of carbon steel samples near the interface area of small particles of the organization disappeared (that could occur decarburization), the grain becomes coarse, the heart of the organization is still ferrite plus pearlite, but could not be seen in the business of the slip line created by deformation; and in the stainless steel interface there are a large number of small black particles, titanium steel composite plate may be the decarburization of chromium carbide particles formed after the benefits of the fabric into a whole, giving full play to the usage of different metal materials, and greatly save rare and rare materials, and the usage of different metal materials. The use of performance greatly saves rare metal materials, thus reducing the production price of equipment.

Weak demand and oversupply in Asia have pushed steelmakers in the area to develop supplies of low-carbon steel and iron, especially as the Jan. 31 reporting deadline for your European Union’s Carbon Boundary Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) draws nearer, market participants said.

The situation is further complicated by the fact that other Western countries, namely the U.S., want to introduce similar policies.

A Singaporean trader said, “Asian steel producers have not slowed down production and want to increase output, so we expect capacity additions to outpace demand growth, especially in the post-epidemic recovery period.” . “…… Products have to go somewhere. Producers can export to Europe, but this means they need to offer low-carbon products at huge discounts.”

Asia’s path to decarbonization has seen several breakthroughs, particularly as policymakers have focused on various climate targets and dealt with public and private stakeholders to build up low-carbon technologies.

These investments have enabled steelmakers to discover commercially viable technologies and reliable causes of clean energy, namely direct decrease in iron from scrap or gas, or shifting to electric arc furnace steelmaking, that features a lower carbon intensity compared to blast furnaces.

Paolo Frediani, senior analyst at Fastmarkets, said the market is reacting to the steadily growing demand for green steel, given the amount of pipeline investment.

“CBAM will certainly provide a major boost [in developing a green steel supply chain], but despite the advanced regulation of steel emissions in Europe, the green steel premium is essentially supported by the fact that more and more end-users are attempting to reduce their overall carbon footprint,” says Frediani. “While this drive is stronger in certain regions than others, it really is being a global phenomenon.”

Explosive composite explosion welding advantages
Explosive composite this new process, new technology inside a short period of time to obtain rapid development and wide application, the primary reason is it has got the following four advantages:

(1) A variety of composite materials could be combined it will make the melting point, strength, coefficient of thermal expansion and other performance differences are incredibly disparate metal combinations to achieve composite. Like aluminum – steel, titanium – steel. Currently has realized the composite material combination of over 300 kinds, that is incomparable with other methods.

(2) Excellent material properties
Composite plate of the general design principle is to meet the mechanical properties of the structure of the base material, compound plate to satisfy the corrosion or wear resistance and other properties. Therefore, compared with a single metal plate, the composite plate makes full use of the best performance of the substrate, and the compound plate not just has got the required high strength but also has excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and other properties of high production efficiency.

(3) High production efficiency/high bond strength.
Explosive composite in a really short period of time, and may be welded spanning a large area, a place as high as 20 square meters or even more, within the composite interface, dissimilar metals through the metal bond to achieve inter-atomic bonding is generally not less than the a minimum of the strength of the composite material constituting the respective parent body.

(4) Good economy
The use of explosion welding technology to produce composite plate products have both the corrosion resistance of the compound layer and other functional characteristics and both the strength of the grass-roots level and plastic toughness indicators, you can save precious metal resources, reduce costs.

Application of explosive welding plate
Composite materials created by the explosive welding method has been commonly used in petroleum, chemical, shipbuilding, electronics, electric power, metallurgy, machinery, aerospace, atomic energy and other industrial fields. The composite plate is carbon steel being a substrate, single-sided or multi-faceted with precious metals being a double layer of high-efficiency energy-saving new composite materials, composite by explosion welding of special processing technology, both with the corrosion resistance of precious metals, wear resistance, but also with carbon steel, good weldability, molding, extensibility, thermal conductivity; explosive welding plate is now commonly used within the petrochemical industry, metallurgy, salt production and alkali production, the water industry, Nuclear industry.

Shipbuilding
In shipbuilding, explosive welding plates can be used to manufacture hull structures, decks, bulkheads, etc. Because of its high strength and good corrosion resistance, the explosive welding plate can effectively enhance the durability and repair life of the ship.

Aerospace
Within the aerospace field, explosive welding composite plates can be used to manufacture airplane fuselage, wings, engine parts, etc. Because of its good thermal stability and high strength, explosive welding composite plate can enhance the performance and safety of aircraft.

Construction Industry
Within the construction industry, explosive welding composite plates can be used to manufacture structural parts for bridges, high-rise buildings, highways, and so forth. Because of its high strength and good corrosion resistance, explosive welding composite plate can enhance the safety and repair life of buildings.

Automobile manufacturing
In automobile manufacturing, explosive welding composite plates can be used to manufacture body structural parts, engine parts, and so forth. Because of its lightweight, high strength, and good thermal stability, the explosive welding plate can enhance the performance and safety of automobiles.

Explosive welding plate cladding of metals supplier
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